Forceps



(No Model.)

M. MGNALLEY.

PORGBPS.

Patented Nov. 28, 1893.

/NVE/vof? ATTORNEYS.

arent trice.

MICHEAL MCNALLEY, OF ST. LOUIS,MISSOURI.

FORCEPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 509,671, dated November28, 1893.

Application filed March 23, 1893. Serial No. 467,516. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that 1, MIOHEAL MCNALLEY, of the city of St. Louis, in theState of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement inForceps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improvement in forceps, and especially tothat class of forceps utilized in veterinary practice for withdrawingteeth of animals, or cutting or trimming them.

The object of the invention is to construct a pair of forceps of thecharacter above set forth, capable of being expeditiously andconveniently opened and as rapidly and conveniently closed, and wherebyfurther when the forceps have been brought to bear upon an object theymay be made to clamp it effectively, enabling the object to be removedby the forceps; and furthermore whereby the two jaws of the forceps maybe gradually and equally drawn together to produce a cutting action ofthe jaws when such action is required.

A further object of the invention is to provide forceps for veterinaryuse which will be exceedingly light and durable and capable of beingreadily handled.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth and pointed out inthe claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar figures and letters of referenceindicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved forceps. Fig.2 is an edgeview thereof. Fig. 3 is a plan view, the jaws of the forceps in theabove figures being illustrated as constructed for drawing teeth. Fig. 4is a partial side elevation of the forceps, the jaws being shown asformed for cutting purposes. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the forceps whenprovided with the cutting jaws. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective View ofone of the cutters removed from the jaw of the forceps; and Fig. 7 is aperspective View of one of the clamps used in drawing teeth.

The body of the forceps consists of two members A and B, which membersmay be brought in parallel position when desired, and the two membersare connected near their upper ends by projecting from their inner facesstuds 10 and 11,the two studs being connected by a pivot or hinge inorder that the ends of the members maybe made to approach one another ormay be carried outward to increase the space between them.

The upper portions of the members A and B, and these members mayproperly be termed handles, constitute the jaw sections of the forceps,as the handles above their pivot points are each provided in one oftheir side faces with a tapering slot 12, the said slots beingpreferably dovetail shape in cross section. The lower ends of thehandles are bifurcated, and nuts 13, are held in a stationary manner inthe bifurcated portions of the handles, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.Ordinarily the nuts are maintained in position by passing screws 14.,through the side faces of the handles, and into opposite faces of thenuts so that the nuts are capable of turning on the said screws when thejaws are opened or closed. These nuts are adapted to receivea right andleft-hand threaded screw 15; consequently' one nut is provided with aright-hand thread and the other with alefthandthread, correspondingportions of the screw entering correspondingly threaded nuts; andpreferably at the center of the screw 15, a plain surface 16, isprovided, in order that the screw may be turned by placing the fingersbetween the handles; but when it is desired to turn the screw veryrapidly, and it is necessary to exert considerable force in order todraw the jaw sections of the handles together, the screw is turned bymeans of a crank arm 17, formed at one of its ends.

When the forceps are to be used for drawing teeth for example, cach jawsection is provided with a clamping jaw C, one of which is shown indetail in Fig. 7. This clampingjaw comprises a body section 1S, providedwith a concaved inner face 19 and an essentially dat outer face 20,while from one side of the body a shank 2l,is projected, beinglocated atright angles to the body, and this shank is dovetail shape in crosssection and tapered in general contour; in fact, the shank is shaped tocorrespond to the contour of the jaw recess 12, as it is adapted toenter such recess. When IOO a clamping jaw is fitted in the recess 12 inthe jaw section of the handle, the straight rear portion 20 of the bodyof the clamp will engage with the inner straight surface of the handle;thus by causing the body of the clamp to extend beyond both faces of theshank the clamp may be made much wider than the thickness of the handle,as shown best in Fig. 3, thereby providing for a maXimum amount ofbearing surface on the clamp, while the handle carrying the clamp neednot necessarily be made very clumsy. When the clamp jaw C, is inposition upon the handle it is held in that position by passing a screw22, or like fastening device through the wider portion of the body andinto the handle adapted to carry the clamp, as illustrated in Fig. 3. Itwill be readily understood that by turning the adjusting screw 15, thejaw sections of the handles maybe brought close together or in positionto engage with any object, a tooth, for example, and that the clampswhen used may be held so tightly around the teeth as to enable thelatter to be readily withdrawn. Furthermore, a quick adjustment of thejaw sections of the handles is obtained through the medium of the screw,which is readily operated from its outer end and may be nicely adjustedby turning it at its center.

In Fig. 6 I have shown a cutter D, Which may be substituted for theclamp when it is desired to trim or out off the teeth, or to use theforceps for cutting purposes of any kind. The said cutter consists of abody 23, which is beveled upon one of its faces, its inner face, forexample, and a shank 24, adapted to fit in one of the recesses of ahandle A or B. When the cutters are placed in position they appear asshown in Fig. 5, their flat faces being outermost and their beveledfaces face inward. It is not necessary that any fastening devices shouldbe employed to retain the cutters in position in the handle, but screwsmay be used for that purpose if in practice it is found desirable.

I desire it to be understood that although I have described the forcepsas being particularly adapted for use in veterinary practice,

they may be applied to any purpose for which 5o Patent- 1. As animproved article of manufacture, forceps, the same comprising two handlesections bifurcated at one of their ends and capable of being placed inparallel positions, the sections being spaced and pivotally connected,jaws removably located in one end of the handle sections, nuts heldstationary in the bifurcated ends of the handle sections and having apivotal connection therewith and a right and left hand threadedadjusting screw engaging with the said nuts, and capable of carryingsaid sections outward and inward, as and for the purpose specified.

2. As an improved article of manufacture,

v forceps, the same consisting of two pivotally connected handlesections having jaws at one endfnuts each having a pivotal connectionWithone of the handle sections and provided with contrary femalethreads, and an adjust ing screw having two oppositely threaded ends toengage the said pivoted nuts, as and for the purpose set forth.

' 3. As an improved article of manufacture, forceps, the same consistingof handle sections spaced and pivotally connected, jaws removablylocated in the handle sections above their pivot points, nuts located inthe opposite ends of the handle sections and each having a pivotalconnection with one of the handle sections, one nut having its innerwall provided with a right-hand and the other with a left-hand thread,and a right and left hand threaded adjusting screw passed through thenuts, said screw being provided with a central grip surface and a crankat one ofits ends, as and for the purpose set forth.

,Y MICHEAL MCNALLEY. Witnesses:

JNO. T. FIELD, VHENRY P. DUHRING.

